The contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to inherited breast cancer was assessed by linkage
and mutation analysis in 237 families, each with at least four cases of breast cancer, …

All cancers are caused by somatic mutations; however, understanding of the biological
processes generating these mutations is limited. The catalogue of somatic mutations from a …

All cancers carry somatic mutations. The patterns of mutation in cancer genomes reflect the
DNA damage and repair processes to which cancer cells and their precursors have been …

We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of
the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating …

Cancer evolves dynamically as clonal expansions supersede one another driven by shifting
selective pressures, mutational processes, and disrupted cancer genes. These processes …

Background Many cases of hereditary breast cancer are due to mutations in either the
BRCA1 or the BRCA2 gene. The histopathological changes in these cancers are often …

Analysis of the pattern of proteins or messengerRNAs (mRNAs) in histological tissue
sections is a cornerstone in biomedical research and diagnostics. This typically involves the …

In neuroblastoma specimens, HIF-2α but not HIF-1α is strongly expressed in well-vascularized
areas. In vitro, HIF-2α protein was stabilized at 5% O 2 (resembling end capillary oxygen …

Introduction Adjuvant breast cancer therapy significantly improves survival, but overtreatment
and undertreatment are major problems. Breast cancer expression profiling has so far …

Deregulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway either through loss of PTEN
or mutation of the catalytic subunit α of PI3K (PIK3CA) occurs frequently in human cancer. …